Four-lettered verbs in Arabic | الْفِعْلُ المُجَرَدُ الرُّباعِي

Introduction to the four-lettered verbs

 

The four-lettered verbs are these verbs are formed from four letters. The root of which is فَعْلَلَ.They are not derived from the tri-literal form فَعَلَ. Four-letters root verbs follow the forms:

• Form XII: فَعْلَلَ
• Form XIII: تَفَعْلَلَ
• Form XIV: إِفْعَلَلَّ
• Form XV:  اِفْعَنْلَلَ

 

1. Table of four-lettered verb form فَعْلَلَ

 

• Past tense – فَعْلَلَ
• Imperfect tense – يُفَعْلِلُ
• Imperative – فَعْلِلْ
• Verbal noun – فَعْلَلَةٌ
• Active participle  – مُفَعْلِلٌ
• Passive participle – مُفَعْلَلٌ
• Past active – فُعْلِلَ
• Imperfect passive – يُفَعْلَلُ

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Examples used in the Holy Quran

 

 الَّذِي يُوَسْوِسُ فِي صُدُورِ النَّاسِ

Who whispers [evil] into the breasts of mankind – (114:5)

 

إِذَا زُلْزِلَتِ الْأَرْضُ زِلْزَالَهَا

When the earth is shaken with its [final] earthquake (99:1)

 

وَمَا هُوَ بِمُزَحْزِحِهِ مِنَ الْعَذَابِ أَن يُعَمَّرَ

but it would not remove him in the least from the [coming] punishment that he should be granted life. (2:96)

 

فَدَمْدَمَ عَلَيْهِمْ رَبُّهُم بِذَنبِهِمْ فَسَوَّاهَا

So their Lord brought down upon them destruction for their sin and made it equal [upon all of them]. (9:14)

 

وَاللَّيْلِ إِذَا عَسْعَسَ

And by the night as it closes in (81:7)

 

2. Table of four-lettered verb form تَفَعْلَلَ

 

• Past tense – تَفَعْلَلَ
• Imperfect tense – يَتَفَعْلَلُ
• Imperative – تَفَعْلَلْ
• Verbal noun – تَفَعْلُلٌ
• Active participle  – مُتَفَعْلِلٌ

 

3. Table of four-lettered verb form إِفْعَلَلَّ

 

• Past tense – إِفْعَلَلَّ
• Imperfect tense – يَفْعَلِلُّ
• Imperative – إِفْعَلِّلْ – إِفْعَلِّلَ
• Verbal noun – إِفْعَلَّالٌ
• Active participle  – مُفْعَلِلٌّ

Examples:

قَالَ بَلَىٰ وَلَـٰكِن لِّيَطْمَئِنَّ قَلْبِي

He said, “Yes, but [I ask] only that my heart may be satisfied.” (2:260)

 

وَقَلْبُهُ مُطْمَئِنٌّ بِالْإِيمَانِ

while his heart is secure in faith (16:106)

 

يَا أَيَّتُهَا النَّفْسُ الْمُطْمَئِنَّةُ

[To the righteous it will be said], “O reassured soul, (89:27)

 

تَقْشَعِرُّ مِنْهُ جُلُودُ الَّذِينَ يَخْشَوْنَ رَبَّهُمْ

The skins shiver therefrom of those who fear their Lord (39:23)

 

4.Table of four-lettered verb form إِفْعَنْلَلَ

 

• Past tense – إِفْعَنْلَلَ
• Imperfect tense – يَفْعَنْلِلُ
• Imperative – إِفْعَنْلِلْ
• Verbal noun – إِفْعِنْلَالٌ
• Active participle  – مُفْعَنْلِلٌ
• Passive participle – مُفْعَنْلَلٌ

 

You have now completed this Arabic lesson. The next one will be insha’Allah about introducing the declension of a noun.

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