Kaana and its sisters | كَانَ وَ أَخَوَاتُهَا

Introduction

  The following particles are called Kaana and its sisters  – كَانَ وَ أَخَوَاتُهَا:

• كَانَ – to was
• صَارَ – to become
• أَصْبَحَ –  to become, to enter/do in the morning
• مَا زَالَ – increasingly, continuously
• أَضْحَى – to enter the dawn
• لَيْسَ – not
• بَاتَ – to become, to pass the night
• أَمْسَ – to become, to enter, to do in the evening
• مَا دَامَ – forever, continuously
• ظَلَّ – remain, to be, continue

 

The rule of Kaana and its sisters

 

These verbs give dammah -ُ to its noun and fatha -َ to its predicate.

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Examples of Kaana and its sisters used in the Holy Quran

 

مَا كَانَ إِبْرَاهِيمُ يَهُودِيًّا وَلَا نَصْرَانِيًّا 

Abraham was neither a Jew nor a Christian (3:67)

 

وَأَصْبَحَ فُؤَادُ أُمِّ مُوسَىٰ فَارِغًا

And the heart of Moses’ mother became empty [of all else]. (28:10)

 

وَإِذَا بُشِّرَ أَحَدُهُم بِالْأُنثَىٰ ظَلَّ وَجْهُهُ مُسْوَدًّا وَهُوَ كَظِيمٌ

And when one of them is informed of [the birth of] a female, his face becomes dark, and he suppresses grief. (16:58)

 

أَلَيْسَ اللَّـهُ بِأَحْكَمِ الْحَاكِمِينَ

Is not Allah the most just of judges? (95:8)

 

You have now completed this Arabic lesson. The next one will be insha’Allah about the accusative case in Arabic.

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