The noun of place and time | اِسْمُ الْمَكَانِ و الزَّمَانِ

Introduction to the noun of place and time – اِسْمُ الْمَكَانِ و الزَّمَانِ

 

1. The noun of a place expresses the place where the action of the verb is committed.
2. The noun of time expresses the time or occasion of that action.
3. These nouns are on the pattern of one of the following.

 

مَفْعِلٌ

• مَجْلِسٌ – gathering
• مَنْزِلٌ – destination
• مَسْجِدٌ – mosque
• مَشْرِقٌ – East

 

مَفْعَلٌ

 

• مَذْهَبٌ – religion
• مَقْتَلٌ – battlefield
• مَطْلَعٌ – a time of rising
• مَجْمَعٌ – a place of meeting/junction

 

مَفْعَلَةٌ

 

• مَقْبَرَةٌ – tomb
• مَشْئَمَةٌ – left side

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4.  Mostly, when the harakah of the second radical in the imperfect form bears a dammah – يَفْعُلُ then the noun for time or place will be on the pattern of مَفْعَلٌ.

Example:

مَقْتَلٌ – يَقْتُلُ

He kills/will kill – Battlefield

 

5. When the harakah of the second radical in the imperfect form bears a kasrah – يَفْعِلُ then the noun for time or place will be on the pattern of مَفْعِلٌ.

Example:

مَجْلِسٌ – يَجْلِسُ

He sits/will sit – a gathering

 

6. Sometimes though the second radical of the imperfect bears dammah – يَفْعُلُ, the noun of time or place will be on the pattern of مَفْعِلٌ.

Examples:  

مَسْجِدٌ = يَسْجُدُ – سَجَدَ

a mosque

 

مَشْرِقٌ = يَشْرِقُ – شَرَقَ

East

 

مَطْلِعٌ = يَطْلُعُ – طَلَعَ

Place of rising

 

مَغْرِبٌ = يَغْرِبُ – غَرَبَ

West

 

7. The plural of both the patterns for masculine and feminine will be on the pattern of مَفَاعِلُ.

 

• Singular: مَسْجِدٌ – a mosque
• Dual: مَسْجِدَانِ – two mosques
• Plural: مَسَاجِدُ – mosques

 

• Singular: مَقْتَلٌ – a battlefield
• Dual: مَقْتَلانِ – two battlefields
• Plural: مقَاتِلُ – battlefields

 

8. the passive participle – مَفْعُولٌ of the derived verbs is considered as the noun of place and time.

Examples:

مُدْخَلٌ – أَدْخَلَ

Entrance

 

مُقَامٌ – أَقَامَ

Place

 

مُصَلَّى – صَلَّى

Place of prayer

 

مُنْقَلَبٌ – اِنْقَلَبَ

Place of turmoil

 

مُسْتَوْدَعَ – اِسْتَوْدَعَ

Warehouse, storehouse

 

Examples of the noun of place and time used in the Holy Quran

 

وَلَقَدْ بَوَّأْنَا بَنِي إِسْرَائِيلَ مُبَوَّأَ صِدْقٍ

And We settled the Children of Israel in a position of honour (10:93)

 

 وَنُدْخِلْكُمْ مُدْخَلًا كَرِيمًا

and admit you by a Gate of Honor. (4:31)

 

لِكُلِّ نَبَإٍ مُسْتَقَرٌّ وَسَوْفَ تَعْلَمُونَ

For every happening is a finality, and you will surely know. (6:67)

 

 فَمُسْتَقَرٌّ وَمُسْتَوْدَعٌ

then a repository, then a depository (6:98)

 

يُدْخِلَنَّهُمْ مُدْخَلًا يَرْضَوْنَهُ وَإِنَّ اللَّهَ لَعَلِيمٌ حَلِيمٌ

He will admit them an admittance that will please them. God is Knowing and Clement. (22:59)

 

قُلْ إِنِّي لَنْ يُجِيرَنِي مِنَ اللَّهِ أَحَدٌ وَلَنْ أَجِدَ مِنْ دُونِهِ 

Say, “No one can protect me from God, and I will not find any refuge except with Him. (72:22)

 

وَلَكُمْ فِي الْأَرْضِ مُسْتَقَرٌّ وَمَتَاعٌ إِلَى حِينٍ

 On earth, you will have residence and livelihood for a while.” (7:24)

 

وَمَنْ أَظْلَمُ مِمَّنْ مَنَعَ مَسَاجِدَ اللَّهِ أَنْ يُذْكَرَ فِيهَا اسْمُهُ

Who is more unjust than him who forbids the remembrance of God’s name in places of worship (2:114)

 

You have now completed this Arabic lesson. The next one will be insha’Allah about the noun of the instrument in Arabic.

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