The noun of place and time | اِسْمُ الْمَكَانِ و الزَّمَانِ

Introduction to the noun of place and time – اِسْمُ الْمَكَانِ و الزَّمَانِ

1. The noun of a place expresses the place where the action of the verb is committed.
2. The noun of time expresses the time or occasion of that action.
3. These nouns are on the pattern of one of the following.

مَفْعِلٌ

• مَجْلِسٌ – gathering
• مَنْزِلٌ – destination
• مَسْجِدٌ – mosque
• مَشْرِقٌ – East

مَفْعَلٌ

• مَذْهَبٌ – religion
• مَقْتَلٌ – battlefield
• مَطْلَعٌ – a time of rising
• مَجْمَعٌ – a place of meeting/junction

مَفْعَلَةٌ

• مَقْبَرَةٌ – tomb
• مَشْئَمَةٌ – left side

4.  Mostly, when the harakah of the second radical in the imperfect form bears a dammah – يَفْعُلُ then the noun for time or place will be on the pattern of مَفْعَلٌ.

Example:

مَقْتَلٌ – يَقْتُلُ

He kills/will kill – Battlefield

5. When the harakah of the second radical in the imperfect form bears a kasrah – يَفْعِلُ then the noun for time or place will be on the pattern of مَفْعِلٌ.

Example:

مَجْلِسٌ – يَجْلِسُ

He sits/will sit – a gathering

6. Sometimes though the second radical of the imperfect bears dammah – يَفْعُلُ, the noun of time or place will be on the pattern of مَفْعِلٌ.

Examples:  

مَسْجِدٌ = يَسْجُدُ – سَجَدَ

a mosque

مَشْرِقٌ = يَشْرِقُ – شَرَقَ

East

مَطْلِعٌ = يَطْلُعُ – طَلَعَ

Place of rising

مَغْرِبٌ = يَغْرِبُ – غَرَبَ

West

7. The plural of both the patterns for masculine and feminine will be on the pattern of مَفَاعِلُ.

• Singular: مَسْجِدٌ – a mosque
• Dual: مَسْجِدَانِ – two mosques
• Plural: مَسَاجِدُ – mosques

• Singular: مَقْتَلٌ – a battlefield
• Dual: مَقْتَلانِ – two battlefields
• Plural: مقَاتِلُ – battlefields

8. the passive participle – مَفْعُولٌ of the derived verbs is considered as the noun of place and time.

Examples:

مُدْخَلٌ – أَدْخَلَ

Entrance

مُقَامٌ – أَقَامَ

Place

مُصَلَّى – صَلَّى

Place of prayer

مُنْقَلَبٌ – اِنْقَلَبَ

Place of turmoil

مُسْتَوْدَعَ – اِسْتَوْدَعَ

Warehouse, storehouse