the passive participle in Arabic | free arabic courses

Introduction to the passive participle

 

 

We have seen that الْمَفْعُلُ بِهِ, simple object bears the action of the verb. But the passive participle اِسْمُ الْمَفْعُولِ follows the pattern of مَفْعُولٌ.

 

  Examples:  

 

 

فَعَلَ – مَفْعُولٌ

Done

 

 

فَتَحَ – مَفْتُوْحٌ

Opened

 

 

خَلَقَ – مَخْلُوْقٌ

Created

 

 

جَمَعَ – مَجْمُوْعٌ

Gathered

 

 

عَلِمَ – مَعْلُوْمٌ

Known

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Passive participle table for masculine gender:

 

 

Nominative case – حَالَةُ الرَّفَعِ

 

Singular

مَفْعُولٌ

Done

 

Dual

مَفْعُولَانِ

(two) done

 

Plural

مَفْعُولُوْنَ

(all) done

 

 

 

 

Accusative – حَالَةُ النَصَبِ

 

 

Singular

مَفْعُولا

Done

 

Dual

مَفْعُولَيْنِ

(two) done

 

Plural

مَفْعُولِيْنَ

(all) done

 

 

 

 

Genitive – حَالَةُ الجَرِّ

 

Singular

مَفْعُولٍ

Done

 

Dual

مَفْعُولَيْنِ

(two) done

 

Plural

مَفْعُولِيْنَ

(all) done

 

 

 

Passive participle table for feminine gender:

 

 

 

Nominative case – حَالَةُ الرَّفَعِ

 

Singular

مَفْعُولَةٌ

Done

 

Dual

مَفْعُولَتَانِ

(two) done

 

Plural

مَفْعُولاتٌ

(all) done

 

 

 

 

Accusative – حَالَةُ النَصَبِ

 

Singular

مَفْعُولَةً

Done

 

Dual

مَفْعُولَتَيْنِ

(two) done

 

Plural

مَفْعُولاتٍ

(all) done

 

 

 

Genitive – حَالَةُ الجَرِّ

 

Singular

مَفْعُولَةٍ

Done

 

Dual

مَفْعُولَتَيْنِ

(two) done

 

Plural

مَفْعُولاتٍ

(all) done

 

 

 

Examples of the passive article used in the Holy Quran

 

 

وَقَالَتِ الْيَهُودُ يَدُ اللَّـهِ مَغْلُولَةٌ ۚ غُلَّتْ أَيْدِيهِمْ وَلُعِنُوا بِمَا قَالُوا ۘ بَلْ يَدَاهُ مَبْسُوطَتَانِ يُنفِقُ كَيْفَ يَشَاءُ

 

 

And the Jews say, “The hand of Allah is chained.” Chained are their hands, and cursed are they for what they say. Rather, both His hands are extended; He spends however He wills. (5:64)

 

 

 وَالْيَوْمِ الْمَوْعُودِ 

 

 

And [by] the promised Day (85:2)

 

 

وَشَاهِدٍ وَمَشْهُودٍ

 

 

And [by] the witness and what is witnessed, (85:3)

 

 

The passive participle of hamzated verbs (on the pattern of أَكَلَسَأَلَ, and قَرَأَ) and assimilated verbs (on the pattern of وَعَدَ and يَسِرَ) will also be on the pattern of مَفْعُوْلٌ.

 

  Examples:  

 

أَكَلَ – مَأْكُوْلٌ

Eaten

 

سَأَلَ – مَسْؤُوْلٌ

Asked

 

قَرَأَ – مَقْرُوءٌ

Read

 

وَعَدَ – مَوْعُوْدٌ

Promised

 

يَسِرَ – مَيْسُوْرٌ

Feasible

 

 

Hollow verbs – الأَجْوَفُ

 

 

When the second radical is the weak letter و as in قَالَ then its passive participle will be in the form مَقُوْلٌ.

 

 

Passive participle table for masculine gender:

 

 

Nominative case – حَالَةُ الرَّفَعِ

 

Singular

مَقُوْلٌ

Said

 

Dual

مَقُوْلانِ

(two) said

 

Plural

مَقُوْلُوْنَ

(all) said

 

 

 

Accusative – حَالَةُ النَصَبِ

 

Singular

مَقُوْلًا

Said

 

Dual

مَقُوْلَيْنِ

(two) said

 

Plural

مَقُوْلَيْنِ

(all) said

 

 

 

Genitive – حَالَةُ الجَرِّ

 

Singular

مَقُوْلٍ

Said

 

Dual

مَقُوْلَيْنِ

(two) said

 

Plural

مَقُوْلَيْنِ

(all) said

 

 

 

Passive participle table for feminine gender:

 

 

 

Nominative case – حَالَةُ الرَّفَعِ

 

Singular

مَقُوْلَةٌ

Said

 

Dual

مَقُوْلَتَانِ

(two) said

 

Plural

مَقُوْلَاتٌ

(all) said

 

 

 

Accusative – حَالَةُ النَصَبِ

 

Singular

مَقُوْلَةً

Said

 

Dual

مَقُوْلَتَيْنِ

(two) said

 

Plural

مَقُوْلَاتٍ

(all) said

 

 

 

Genitive – حَالَةُ الجَرِّ

 

Singular

مَقُوْلَةٍ

Said

 

Dual

مَقُوْلَتَيْنِ

(two) said

 

Plural

مَقُوْلَاتٍ

(all) said

 

 

When the second radical is the weak letter ى, as in بَاعَ then its passive participle will be in the form مَبِيْعٌ.

 

 

Passive participle table for masculine gender:

 

 

Nominative case – حَالَةُ الرَّفَعِ

 

Singular

مَبِيْعٌ

Sold

 

Dual

مَبِيْعَانِ

(two) sold

 

Plural

مَبِيْعُوْنَ

(all) sold

 

 

 

Accusative – حَالَةُ النَصَبِ

 

 

Singular

مَبِيْعًا

Sold

 

Dual

مَبِيْعَيْنِ

(two) sold

 

Plural

مَبِيْعِيْنَ

(all) sold

 

 

 

Genitive – حَالَةُ الجَرِّ

 

Singular

مَبِيْعٍ

Sold

 

Dual

مَبِيْعَيْنِ

(two) sold

 

Plural

مَبِيْعِيْنَ

(all) sold

 

 

Passive participle table for feminine gender:

 

 

Nominative case – حَالَةُ الرَّفَعِ

 

Singular

مَبِيْعَةٌ

Sold

 

Dual

مَبِيْعَتَانِ

(two) sold

 

Plural

مَبِيْعَاتٌ

(all) sold

 

 

 

Accusative – حَالَةُ النَصَبِ

 

 

Singular

مَبِيْعَةً

Sold

 

Dual

مَبِيْعَتَيْنِ

(two) sold

 

Plural

مَبِيْعَاتٍ

(all) sold

 

 

 

Genitive – حَالَةُ الجَرِّ

 

Singular

مَبِيْعَةٍ

Sold

 

Dual

مَبِيْعَتَيْنِ

(two) sold

 

Plural

مَبِيْعَاتٍ

(all) sold

 

 

 

 

Defective verbs – الناقِصُ

 

 

When the third radical is the weak letter و or ى, the اِسْمُ الْمَفْعُولِ will be in the following form:

 

Examples:

 

دَعَا – مَدْعُوْوٌّ

Called

 

 

رَمَى – مَرْمِيٌّ

Thrown

 

 

لَقِيَ – مَلْقِيٌّ

Met

 

 

 

 

Double lettered verbs – المُضاعَفُ

 

 

Double letter verbs also have their passive particle of the form مَفْعُوْلٌ.

 

  Example:  

 

ظَنَّ – مَظْنُونٌ

Suspected

 

 

Examples of passive articles used in the Holy Quran

 

 

يَوْمَ يَكُونُ النَّاسُ كَالْفَرَاشِ الْمَبْثُوثِ

 

 

It is the Day when people will be like moths, dispersed, (101:4)

 

 

وَمِنَ اللَّيْلِ فَتَهَجَّدْ بِهِ نَافِلَةً لَّكَ عَسَىٰ أَن يَبْعَثَكَ رَبُّكَ مَقَامًا مَّحْمُودًا

 

 

And from [part of] the night, pray with it as additional [worship] for you; it is expected that your Lord will resurrect you to a praised station. (17:79)

 

 

 فَجَعَلَهُمْ كَعَصْفٍ مَّأْكُولٍ

 

 

And He made them like eaten straw.(105:5)

 

 

ذَٰلِكَ يَوْمٌ مَّجْمُوعٌ لَّهُ النَّاسُ وَذَٰلِكَ يَوْمٌ مَّشْهُودٌ 

 

 

That is a Day for which the people will be collected, and that is a Day [which will be] witnessed (11:103)

 

You have now completed this Arabic free lesson. The next one will be insha’Allah about the verbal noun in Arabic.

 

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1 Comment

  1. Good keep it up


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