The rules of the letter Ra ر | Cours de Tajwid

There are 2 ways to read the letter Ra “ر“:

 

 

•  Either with emphasis; That is, you fill your mouth when you say it. The mouth is then vertical. This is called the tafkheem.
• Either lightly; That is, you read it lightly, without filling your mouth.

 

The mouth is then horizontal. This is called the tarqeeq.

 

When we encounter the letter Ra ر, three possibilities are available to us depending on its vocalization or its place in the word:

 

•  With tarqeeq 
•  With tafkheem 
• The possibility of doing both.

 

 

1. The case when the letter Ra “ر” must be read lightly, with tarqeeq

 

 

When the letter Ra ر carries a kasra

 

  Example:

 

مِن شَرِّ الْوَسْوَاسِ الْخَنَّاسِ

 

 

From the evil of the retreating whisperer (114:4)

 

 

When the letter Ra ر carries a sukoon at the end of the word, a kasra precedes it.

 

  Example:

 

يَا أَيُّهَا الْمُدَّثِّرُ ﴿١﴾ قُمْ فَأَنذِرْ ﴿٢﴾ وَرَبَّكَ فَكَبِّرْ

 

 

O you who covers himself [with a garment], Arise and warn, And your Lord glorify (74: 1 to 3)

 

 

When the letter ر carries a sukoon, in the middle of the word, preceded by an original kasra followed by a non-emphatic letter ه

 

  Example:

 

فَسَبِّحْ بِحَمْدِ رَبِّكَ وَاسْتَغْفِرْهُ

 

 

Then exalt [Him] with praise of your Lord and ask forgiveness of Him. (110:3)

 

 

When the letter ر carries a sukoon, and it is preceded by a non-emphatic letter carrying a sukoon, which is also preceded by a kasra.

 

  Example:  

 

يُعَلِّمُونَ النَّاسَ السِّحْرَ 

 

 

 teaching people magic(2:102)

 

 

2. The case when the letter Ra “ر” must be emphatic, with tafkheem

 

 

When the letter ر carries a damma

 

  Example:

 

إِذَا جَاءَ نَصْرُ اللَّهِ وَالْفَتْحُ

 

 

When the victory of Allah has come and the conquest, (110:1)

 

 

When the letter ر  carries a fatha

 

  Example:

 

بِسْمِ اللَّهِ الرَّحْمَـٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ

 

 

In the name of Allah, the Entirely Merciful, the Especially Merciful. (1:1)

 

 

When the letter ر carries a sukoon and its preceded by a damma

 

  Example:

 

أُولَـٰئِكَ يُجْزَوْنَ الْغُرْفَةَ بِمَا صَبَرُوا

 

 

Those will be awarded the Chamber for what they patiently endured (25:75)

 

 

When the letter ر carries a sukoon, and it is preceded by fatha.

 

  Example:

 

وَأَرْسَلَ عَلَيْهِمْ طَيْرًا أَبَابِيلَ

 

 

And He sent against them birds in flocks, (105:3)

 

 

When the letter ر  carries a sukoon, it is preceded by an original kasra in the same word, followed by an emphatic letter. The emphatic letters are:

 

ظ – خ – ص – ض – غ – ط – ق

 

There are 5 examples of this rule in the Holy Quran:  

 

وَلَوْ نَزَّلْنَا عَلَيْكَ كِتَابًا فِي قِرْطَاسٍ

 

 

And even if We had sent down to you, [O Muhammad], a written scripture on a page (6:7)

 

 

وَإِرْصَادًا لِّمَنْ حَارَبَ اللَّهَ وَرَسُولَهُ مِن قَبْلُ

 

 

and as a station for whoever had warred against Allah and His Messenger before. (9:107)

 

 

فَلَوْلَا نَفَرَ مِن كُلِّ فِرْقَةٍ مِّنْهُمْ طَائِفَةٌ لِّيَتَفَقَّهُوا فِي الدِّينِ

 

 

For there should separate from every division of them a group [remaining] to obtain understanding in the religion (9:122)

 

 

إِنَّ جَهَنَّمَ كَانَتْ مِرْصَادًا 

 

 

Indeed, Hell has been lying in wait (78:21)

 

 

إِنَّ رَبَّكَ لَبِالْمِرْصَادِ 

 

 

Indeed, your Lord is in observation. (89:14)

 

 

When the letter ر carries a sukoon and is preceded by a non-original Kasra due to the Hamza al wasl

 

Example:

 

ارْجِعِي إِلَىٰ رَبِّكِ رَاضِيَةً مَّرْضِيَّةً

 

 

Return to your Lord, well-pleased and pleasing [to Him], (89:28)

 

 

When the letter ر carries a sukoon at the stop, it is preceded by a Sakeen letter, different from ي and this letter carries a fatha or a damma.

 

  Example:  

 

وَالْعَصْرِ

 

 

By the time, (103:1)